Powering Peripheral Devices

ABSTRACT

An item of clothing ( 105 ) operates with a peripheral device ( 107 ). The item of clothing includes a first power source and is configured to supply power to the peripheral device, via a connector ( 305 ). The peripheral device includes a second power source and is configured to selectively use power from the first power source or the second power source.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority from United Kingdom patent applicationnumber 1615418.9 filed Sep. 10, 2016 and United Kingdom patentapplication 1615420.5, the entire disclosure of which are incorporatedherein by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the powering of peripheral devices,used in combination with clothing that includes a power source.

It is known to provide items of clothing with peripheral devices. Inmost known applications of this sort, each peripheral device containsits own power supply which may take the form of replaceable batteries orrechargeable batteries. Users are then responsible for ensuring thatperipheral devices are appropriately charged prior to their deployment.

An alternative approach to providing each device with its own powersource is to provide power from a central source via power distributioncables. A problem with this approach is that the degree of power thatmay be conveyed in this way is often limited, particularly if thedevices are to be detachable.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is providedan apparatus for enhancing portable functionality, comprising an item ofclothing and a peripheral device attached to said item of clothing,wherein said item of clothing comprises: electrical conductors connectedto a peripheral device connector; and said peripheral device comprises:a clothing connector configured to connect to said peripheral deviceconnector, to electrically connect to said electrical conductors;wherein said peripheral device is configured to provide a firstfunctionally when attached to said item of clothing; and said peripheraldevice is configured to provide a second functionality when detachedfrom said item of clothing.

In an embodiment, the peripheral device is configured to communicatewirelessly with an external device.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is providedan apparatus comprising an item of clothing and a peripheral device,wherein: said item of clothing includes a first power source and isconfigured to supply power to said peripheral device; said peripheraldevice includes a second power source; and said peripheral device isconfigured to selectively use power from power sources comprising saidfirst power source and said second power source.

In an embodiment, said peripheral device uses power from said firstpower source when attached to said item of clothing; said peripheraldevice uses power from said second source when detached from said itemof clothing. An embodiment further comprises a switching device forswitching to said second power source upon detection of the removal ofsaid first power source. Furthermore, the functionality of theperipheral device may change after a detection of a removal of theperipheral device from an item of clothing.

In an embodiment, the peripheral device uses power from said first powersource when operating at a first power level; said peripheral deviceuses power from said second power source when operating at a secondpower level; and said second power level is higher than said first powerlevel. The peripheral device may remain attached to the item of clothingwhen operated at said second power level.

The invention will now be described by way of example only withreference to the accompanying Figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows an environment in which a communication system communicateswith a central control station;

FIG. 2 illustrates a loom for deployment within a jacket of the typeshown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 details a jacket of the type shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 illustrates an alternative jacket, with the loom deployeddifferently;

FIG. 5 shows the attachment of the control unit identified in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 details the control unit identified in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative control unit;

FIG. 8 shows a charging unit for charging loom connected devices;

FIG. 9 shows a peripheral device for providing illumination;

FIG. 10 shows an example of devices connected to a loom;

FIG. 11 shows the attachment of a peripheral device;

FIG. 12 shows a schematic representation of the peripheral deviceidentified in FIG. 1;

FIG. 13 shows a protocol diagram identifying communications betweendevices;

FIG. 14 shows operatives working in hazardous conditions;

FIG. 15 shows a detached peripheral device providing a secondfunctionality; and

FIG. 16 shows operations performed by a peripheral device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIG. 1

An operational environment is illustrated in FIG. 1, in which acommunication system 101 communicates with a central control station 102via a mobile cellular telephony network 103. Communication is alsoprovided for additional systems, such as communication system 104. Thus,many communication systems of this type may be included within theoperational environment. These systems may communicate with a maincommunication system 101 and, in an embodiment, communication may alsooccur between the individual systems operating within the environment.

The operational environment itself may present hazardous conditions andcommunication may be required in order to allow hazardous conditions tobe observed and to ensure that operations are conducted in accordancewith established protocols and health and safety requirements. Thus, itis possible to monitor the environment, monitor the task at hand,monitor the operational characteristics of the operatives and monitorthe medical condition of the operatives.

Communication system 101, that may be considered as providing a personalarea network, includes an item of clothing 105 that has electricalconductors included therein, along with a control unit 106 attached tothese electrical conductors. In an embodiment, the conductors areprovided by wires, possibly retained within seams. However, inalternative embodiments, conductive fabric having conductive threads maybe deployed or conductive materials, such as inks, may be applied to afabric base. A further electrical connector is attached to theelectrical conductors, thereby allowing a peripheral device 107 to bedetachably attached to the jacket.

In an embodiment, a plurality of connectors are provided, allowingperipheral devices to be attached at different locations and allowing aplurality of peripheral devices to be attached to each individualjacket. Thus, communication between these devices is made possible bythe provision of the personal area network.

The system also includes an external communication device 108, that maybe a mobile smart cellular telephone or a similar cellular-connectedmobile device. In an embodiment, a standard cellular telephone isdeployed as the external communication device 108 and all communicationsare made in accordance with protocols that are conventionally supportedby a device of this type. As is known in the art, devices of this typepresent a graphical user interface to a user and although severalcommercial operating systems are available, many of the procedures andestablished activities are similar across these platforms and are wellknown to the general public; and hence would be well known to mostoperatives working within environments of the type identified in FIG. 1.Furthermore, the communication system 101 operates, in a preferredimplementation, in a way that is familiar to operatives and presentsthem with graphical displays that are substantially similar to thoserecognised in alternative applications.

In use, direct communication between the control unit 106 and theexternal device 108 may take place using a Bluetooth low energyprotocol, as illustrated by arrow 109. Communication between theperipheral device 107 and the external communication device 108 may takeplace using a Wi-Fi protocol, thereby providing a higher transmissionbandwidth. Thus, a communication of this type is illustrated by arrow110, connecting the peripheral device 107 directly to the externaldevice 108. In this way, significant data volumes may be captured by theexternal device 108, possibly showing several hours of activity on thepart of an operative. In addition, using the cellular network 103, thisdata may be uploaded to the central control station 102 and possiblyarchived onto a permanent storage device 113.

FIG. 2

The jacket 105 may be constructed with an active loom sub-assembly thatis combined with a passive shell assembly. To construct the active loomsub-assembly, a substantially H-shaped fabric base 201 is established,as shown in FIG. 2, that may be relatively lightweight and may easilyallow holes and openings to be created therein. In this way, it ispossible for connectors to be attached, thereby allowing peripheraldevices to receive power, receive data and transmit data.

A wire loom 202 is fabricated to extend from a connector 203 thatconnects to the control unit 106, as shown in FIG. 5. The wires in thisloom are used to convey power from the control unit, transmit data andreceive data. In an embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 6, a total offour conducting wires (or other conductor types) are provided, allowingseparate conductors to be used for conveying power and for transmittingdata. In an alternative embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 7, a singleconductor is used for both power and data.

The H-loom configuration of FIG. 2 facilitates the application ofconnectors 204 to 207 for peripherals on the front left of the item ofclothing, with connectors 208 to 210 being for peripherals on the frontright of the item of clothing, connectors 211 and 212 being provided forperipherals on the collar of the item of clothing and connectors 213 to219 being provided for peripherals at the rear of the item of clothing.

FIG. 3

An example of an item of clothing, in the form of jacket 105, isillustrated in FIG. 3. A passive shell 301 is shown, that remains in anouter position. The H-loom 201 is located on an internal surface 302 andinterface connectors extend through the fabric base in order to provideconnections to peripheral devices.

In this embodiment, the passive shell includes an outer shell 303 and aninner shell 304. In this embodiment, the H-loom 201 is attached to theinner shell 304.

The embodiment of FIG. 3 also shows the location of a connector 305, forthe attachment of a peripheral device. Permanently positioned peripheraldevices are also present, in the form a first light emitting device 306and a second light emitting device 307.

FIG. 4

An alternative embodiment is identified in FIG. 4, in which the passiveshell again includes an outer shell 401 and an inner shell 402. However,in this embodiment, the components are combined, such that the loom 201is located between the inner shell 402 and the outer shell 401.

In this way, peripheral connections are made through the outer shell, ina manner substantially similar to that described with respect to FIG. 3.However, in this embodiment, the loom itself is protected by the innershell 602.

FIG. 5

The control unit 106 includes a power source, possibly in the form of arechargeable lithium cell or a battery of cells. Prior to being attachedto connector 203, the control unit 106 may be charged. Thereafter, asillustrated in FIG. 5, the control unit 106 is attached to connector 203and then restrained within an internal pocket 501 of the jacket 105.

Pocket 501 includes a flap and the control unit 106 may be permanentlyrestrained within pocket 501 during deployment and during storageawaiting deployment. Prior to cleaning and ultimately recycling thejacket 105, the control unit 203 may be removed from pocket 501 by thereverse operation to that illustrated in FIG. 5.

In an embodiment, it is not necessary to remove the control unit 501 inorder for the power source contained within the control unit to berecharged. During a period of deployment, the power source within thecontrol unit 501 may be recharged by attaching a charging unit to aconnector, such as connector 401, in a manner substantially similar tothe attachment of a peripheral device. Thus, during deployment, aplurality of control units may receive charge when equipment is beingstored between shifts.

FIG. 6

The control unit 106 is shown schematically in FIG. 6, connected to afour wire loom 601. In this embodiment, a rechargeable cell 602 suppliespower on a power line 603, in combination with a return line 604. Datais transmitted on a data line 606, that works in combination with aclock synchronising line 607.

The control unit includes a central processing unit 608 that may beimplemented as an nRF52832 system-on-chip device, supplied by Nordicsemiconductor. This device includes an ARM cortex 32-bit processor andBluetooth low energy transceiver circuitry, communicating via an antenna609.

The provision of power, from cell 502, over lines 503 and 504, ensuresthat it is possible for peripheral devices to operate without their owninternal power supply, which, for some peripheral devices, allowscomplexity to be reduced and charging operations to be avoided. If morepower is required, an additional battery pack may be connected directlyto the loom, as a further peripheral device, thereby allowing operativesto quickly install a recharged battery without being involved with theactual charging operation. In some environments, multiple batterydevices may be required to enhance reliability.

Data connection 606 provides serial data communication, synchronised bya synchronising clock signal provided over conductor 607. The controlunit 106 also includes power control circuitry and current limitingcircuitry, as is known in the art. Thus, the control unit performs powermanagement operations and oversees data communication to each of theperipheral devices. Furthermore, with the inclusion of the externalcommunication device 108, as part of the overall system, it is possiblefor the external communication device 108 to provide sophisticatedlevels of device management; running appropriate application software onan in-built relatively high-power internal processor.

For operatives working in hazardous environments, the mobile cellularphone interface allows them to interact with devices using familiartouchscreen gestures. In addition, it also facilities the use of voicecommands and other sophisticated procedures, without introducingexpensive processing capability to the jacket loom itself.

Peripheral device 611 includes a microphone and generates audio data.The device may also include loudspeakers for reproducing audio data.However, the bandwidth required for the transmission of data of thistype is too large for it to be carried over the loom 601.

Peripheral device 612 generates image data and video data. It may bepossible to supply individual images at a low data rate over the loom501 but the loom 501 is not capable of transmitting conventional videosignals, even in a compressed format.

Peripheral device 613 is a gas constituent detector. The detector 613may simply generate an alarm signal upon detecting a gas concentrationthat exceeds a predetermine level. Under these circumstances, the loom601 is capable of transmitting a data signal of this type. However, itis possible that the gas consistent device 613 can also operate in amore sophisticated fashion, generating a larger data volume representingconstituents and concentrations etc. Again, a point will be reachedwhere the loom 601 is not capable of conveying data volumes of thistype.

Peripheral device 614 is a radiation detector and again low levels ofdata may be generated representing a dangerous situation or largerlevels of data may be generated in response to an ongoing monitoringprocedure.

Peripheral device 615 is designed to generate biometric data,representing data generated in response to activities performed byoperatives. Again, small levels of data may be generated, suitable fortransmission over the wired connection, or higher levels of data may begenerated, requiring an alternative route.

Peripheral device 616 is configured to generate biomedical data. Thus,this device can be used to monitor the health of operatives and producealarm signals if dangerous situations are encountered. Again, low levelalerts may be generated, for wired transmission, or higher levels ofdata may be generated in response to ongoing monitoring situations.

Peripheral device 617 provides additional power, as previouslydescribed. Thus, in some applications, power source 602 within theperipheral device may be exchanged for a larger external power sourcedirectly connected to the loom.

Peripheral device 618, identified in FIG. 5, represents a plurality ofperipheral devices that provide illumination. A first level ofillumination may be provided, via devices 306 and 307, merely toindicate the presence of an operative; possibly when working in lowlight levels. A further degree of activation may be provided ifdangerous conditions are identified. Thus, dangerous conditions could bebrought to the attention of an operative and an illumination couldindicate that an operative is experiencing a hazardous situation andshould withdraw. Furthermore, an alternative type of illumination couldindicate that another operative within the environment is encountering ahazardous situation and may require assistance. An indication to theeffect that other operatives require assistance may be identified as a“man down” situation and protocols are often in place to takeappropriate action when conditions of this type are identified.

In a further embodiment, it is possible for higher power levels to besupplied to illuminating devices when dangerous conditions areidentified and in an alternative embodiment, it is possible forilluminating devices to be removed, to provide a light source for anoperative; devices of this type being provided with their own secondpower source for operation as a second functionality when detached fromthe jacket.

It is therefore anticipated that peripheral devices may be configured tostream data of a type that requires a relatively high bandwidth.However, this level of bandwidth is not provided by the datacommunication wires 606/607 within the loom of the wearable item. Inthis implementation, it is preferable to keep the wiring loom simple,given that the item of clothing may be washed and industrial dryers mayoperate at a temperature of up to 160° C. Thus, the control unit 106 andthe peripheral devices 611 to 618 are detachable, so that only theconductors of the loom are introduced to the washing and drying cycle,with no embedded circuits. However, such an approach does create aconstraint in terms of transmission bandwidth.

FIG. 7

In an alternative embodiment, a single wire 701, with a return 702,operates by sharing line 701 for both data and power. In thisalternative embodiment, the arrangement may be consistent with the“1-wire protocol”. Thus, in accordance with this protocol, data istransmitted in short bursts 703 over powerline 701 which, during otherperiods as shown at 704, transfers power. For each peripheral deviceoperating under this system, power is maintained by a storage capacitorthat is arranged to discharge during the data bursts 603. Thus, in thisway, it is possible to reduce the number of conductors present withinthe loom, at the expense of reduced transmission bandwidth and lowercurrent.

FIG. 8

A charging unit 801 for charging loom connected devices, including thecontrol unit 106, is illustrated in FIG. 8. The charging unit 801includes a switch-mode power supply circuit 802, that receivesalternating mains electricity at terminals 803 to produce a five voltdirect current output. This supplies an on board processor 804 andappropriate switching is controlled by a power management and switchingcircuit 805. This supplies positive charging power to the loom via aterminal 806, which is returned via terminal 807.

Processor 804 is configured to receive input data from the control unit106 via a data terminal 808 and a clock synchronizing terminal 809.Thus, the charging device communicates with the control unit in a waythat is substantially similar to other communications with peripheraldevices. Thus, in this way, it is possible for the control unit toidentify the charging device and to be informed that a chargingoperation is available as soon as the charging device has beenconnected.

Thus, it is possible for the charging unit to be used when the controlunit has been removed from the jacket, when the jacket is being washedfor example, but it is intended that the majority of charging operationswill take place while the control unit is in-situ. Thus, when chargingin-situ, a charging cable connects the charging unit to the jacket loomvia a standard peripheral device connector on the jacket.

In this embodiment, the control unit 106 periodically sends out a “who'sthere” command, to identify any newly attached devices. When thecharging unit is connected, the control unit identifies the device andthereby identifies that it is a charging unit. Using the exchange ofserial data over the loom, various specification details may be conveyedbetween the devices, such that the control unit is in a position todetermine whether charging is required and the charging unit receives anindication of the type of charge required. Thus, charging requirementsare confirmed (it not being desirable to perform unnecessary charging)such that, where appropriate, the control unit 106 issues an instructionto the charging unit 801 to initiate a charging cycle.

Upon receiving an instruction to charge, the power management andswitching circuit 805 is switched to provide a high charging voltage tothe loom, of typically between four volts and five volts, which is thenswitched to connect directly to the cell in the control unit. Inaddition, similar operations may take place for the charging of othercells/batteries connected to the loom. Thus, the charging of peripheraldevices is also performed under the control of the control unit 106. Thecontrol unit 106 performs a similar dialogue with the charging unit butwhen switching is performed, the cell within the control unit isdisconnected and an external battery within another peripheral device isconnected, in order to receive charge.

During each charging cycle, voltages are monitored and the control unitcontinues periodic communication with the charging unit to ensure thatcharging takes place according to previously established requirements.For example, fast charging may be possible under some circumstances butif it is possible to perform a charging cycle overnight, for example,fast charging is avoided in order to optimise battery life. Thus, thecontrol unit 106, under instruction from the external device 108, willnegotiate charging conditions and requirements with the connectedcharger, in order to schedule the charging of all rechargeablecells/batteries that require a charging cycle.

FIG. 9

A peripheral device for providing illumination, of the type indicated at618, is illustrated in FIG. 9. At 901, the device is shown providing afirst functionality, while attached to the jacket. At 902, the device isshown providing a second functionality while still attached to thejacket. At 903, the device is shown providing a second functionalitywhile detached from the jacket.

The peripheral device includes a jacket connector 904. Power is suppliedto the jacket connector 904 over a loom wire 905 and returned via a loomwire 906. Data is received on a data line 907D working with the clocksynchronizing wire 907C and instructing the peripheral device to performits first functionality. A first functionality circuit 908 receivespower on a line 909 via powerline 905 and the connector 904. This inturn results in the illumination of a first LED device 910.

A second functional device 911 also receives input power via connector904, which is relayed to an internal rechargeable cell 912. Thus, whilein a passive mode or while providing a first functionality, a secondpower source 912 receives charge and as such, does not need toexperience a specific recharging operation.

As illustrated at 902, a data instruction may be received on data line907 which results in the ceasing of power consumption by functionalcircuit 908 followed by an activation of functional circuit 911. Underthese conditions, LED device 910 ceases to receive power and is nolonger energised. However, a second LED device 913, along with a thirdLED device 914, both receive power and are illuminated. However, theillumination of devices 913 and 914 requires significantly more powerthan that required by device 910 and, as such, insufficient power isavailable from the loom. Consequently, when providing thisfunctionality, power is derived from the second power source 912.

When providing this second functionality and when powered from thesecond power source 912, the peripheral device is no longer dependentupon receiving power from the loom and may therefore be detached fromthe loom, as illustrated at 903. Thus, when detached, functional circuit911 continues to provide functionality (illuminating LED 913 andilluminating LED 914) by receiving power from the second power source912.

In an embodiment, the mode of operation identified at 901 may allowillumination devices to indicate the presence of operatives, which wouldrepresent a normal operating state when operatives are working inhazardous conditions, as illustrated in FIG. 14.

While working in hazardous conditions, it is possible that a particularhazard may be identified and LED devices may be illuminated at a higherpower level to provide a warning to the operative. Similarly, warningsof this type may be issued if a hazard has been detected by anotheroperative within the same environment. Thus, as illustrated at 902, ahigher output energy level is provided by receiving energy from a secondpower source 912.

Detachment of the peripheral device may also provide a secondfunctionality and this second functionality may be supported byreceiving power locally from the second power source 912, without anyphysical connection to the jacket loom, as illustrated at 903.

FIG. 10

An example of devices connected to a loom is illustrated in FIG. 10. Theloom 601 effectively provides a bus, with transmission data includingaddressing data, to identify the intended recipient.

As previously described, control unit 106 includes a processor 608 and afirst power source 602. Peripheral device 612 generates image data andperipheral device 613 generates gas concentration data.

Peripheral device 612 provides a first functionality by receiving powerfrom the loom 601. Power from the loom also recharges a second powersource within the peripheral device, such that the peripheral device maybe detached in order to provide a second functionality. Similarly, thegas concentration device 613 may provide a first functionality whenattached to the loom and again the device may provide a secondfunctionality when detached from the loom, receiving power from its ownlocal second power source.

When attached to the loom 601, respective second power sources indevices 612 and 613 are recharged by receiving loom current.Consequently, it is possible that the first power source within thecontrol unit will have insufficient capacity for maintaining operationthroughout an operational period. Thus, under these circumstances, afurther peripheral device 617 is attached to provide a replacement firstpower source.

The replacement first power source includes a processor 1001 and abattery 1002 of rechargeable cells. A switch 1003, controlled byprocessor 1001, connects battery 1002 to the loom. Under thesecircumstances, a switch 1004 within the control unit disconnects theprimary first power source 602, thereby allowing the replacement firstpower source 1002 to take over. This condition is initiated by theprocessor 608 in the control unit, which issues a command to peripheraldevice 617. Thus, device 617 applies power to the loom, such that thecontrol unit may disconnect its own power source 602.

When receiving charge from the charging unit shown in FIG. 8, switch1004 will close when switch 1003 is open, thereby charging the firstpower source 602 in the control unit. During a recharging operation,priority is given to the recharging of this cell, to ensure that thecontrol unit continues to function.

Having recharged the primary first power source 602, it is possible forswitch 1004 to open and for switch 1003 to close, thereby recharging thesecondary first power source 1002. Similar switches may be provided inthe other peripheral devices, including devices 612 and 613, such thatonly one such switch is closed during a recharging procedure and eachdevice undergoes its own unique recharging cycle.

It should also be noted that when switches 1003 and 1004 are open, theirlocal processor (1001 and 608 respectively) continue to receive powerfrom their local supply (1002 and 602 respectively).

FIG. 11

Peripheral device 107 is shown in FIG. 11. The peripheral device 107 hasa clothing connector 1102 configured to connect with a peripheral deviceconnector, such as connector 305, on the item of clothing. When thisconnection is made, the peripheral device 107 is mechanically supportedin position by appropriate attachment elements. Thus, these attachmentelements may be mechanical or magnetic, for example.

In an embodiment, measures are taken to ensure that the electricalconnectors connect, when a mechanical connection of a peripheral deviceto a jacket has been made. Thus, when deploying the four wire system asillustrated in FIG. 5, all four electrical terminals of the peripheraldevice connector electrically connect with the four electrical terminalsof the clothing connector 305.

FIG. 12

A schematic representation of peripheral device 107 is illustrated inFIG. 12. This facilitates the provision of an apparatus for enhancingportable functionality, because the peripheral device 107 may beattached to an item of clothing. The item of clothing itself haselectrical conductors connected to the peripheral device connector 305.The peripheral device 107 has a clothing connector 1102 configured toconnect to the peripheral device connector, so as to electricallyconnect with the electrical conductors 501 in the item of clothing.

The peripheral device is configured to provide a first functionalitywhen attached to the item of clothing and to provide a secondfunctionality when detached from the item of clothing.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12, a first functional device 1201provides a first functionality and is deployed, under the control of acentral processing unit 1202, when the peripheral device has beenattached to the item of clothing.

In addition, a second functional device 1203 is provided, which in turnprovides a second functionality when the peripheral device is detachedfrom the item of clothing. Thus, the peripheral device may provide imagedata. The first functional device 1201 may be a relatively lowdefinition, single image camera. The first functionality may includecompressing the image and thereby allowing the image data to be conveyedto the control unit 106 over the wiring loom at a relatively low datarate, for example to provide a low resolution snapshot of an operationalenvironment.

The second functional device 1203 may be a higher definition videocamera, configured to generate, as a second functionality, video data ata relatively higher definition and at full video frame rate. Asdescribed with reference to FIG. 13, the peripheral device, uponattachment, will automatically configure itself to provide a securechannel of communication directly to the external communication device108 and thereby, when deploying the second functionality, allow theoutput data to be transmitted at a relatively higher rate. This allowsreal-time viewing on device 108 and the real-time distribution of thevideo data to the central station 102.

In FIG. 12, the first functional device 1201 is shown as beingcompletely separate from the second functional device 1203. It should beappreciated that the physical components of these devices may, to alarge extent, be shared and the actual functionality may be determinedin response to the execution of stored commands.

When the peripheral device 107 is connected to a jacket 105, theperipheral device receives power from positive power line 503 via afirst terminal 1204. Data, over conductors 506 and 507, are received ata second terminal 1205 and a third terminal 1206 respectively. Thereturn cable 504 is connected to a fourth terminal 1207. In this way,the item of clothing includes a first power source 502 and is configuredto supply power to the peripheral device 107. The peripheral deviceincludes a second power source 1208 and the peripheral device isconfigured to selectively use power from either the remote power source502 or the local power source 1208.

When detached, and thereby possibly providing a second functionality, itis necessary for the peripheral device 107 to derive power from its ownlocal power source 1208. However, it is possible for the secondfunctionality to be provided while the peripheral device remainsattached to an item of clothing. Under these circumstances, both thefirst functionality and the second functionality may derive power fromthe remote source 502.

Thus, for some peripheral devices, it is possible to provide a firstfunctionality and a second functionality without requiring a secondpower source to be provided locally. However, in an embodiment, a higherlevel of power may be required when providing the second functionalityand this power may be derived from the local power source 1208.Furthermore, in an embodiment, when not required to perform a secondfunctionality, it is possible for the second local power source 1205 toreceive charge from the remote power source 502.

When providing a first functionality, power from the loom may bedirected towards the first functional device 1201. However, duringpassive periods, when the first functionality and the secondfunctionality are not required, it is possible for the second powersource 1208 to receive charge from the first power source.

The second power source 1208 may, for example, take the form of alithium-ion cell (or battery of cells) or a super-capacitor. A selectionof an appropriate device for the second power source will be determinedby the requirement of the second functionality, in terms of peak currentand operational duration. Thus, for example, a second functionality mayprovide an enhanced level of illumination (requiring a substantialcurrent for a short period of time) while a high definition photographis taken. Thus, power is derived from the second power source 1208 whilethe peripheral device is providing the second functionality and theperipheral device may be removed from the jacket, as shown in FIG. 15,while providing the second functionality.

This approach allows the peripheral device to operate when detached or,for short periods of time, allows the peripheral device to operate atrelatively high power levels; levels that would not be available fromthe remote cell 502. However, from an operative's perspective, thedevice appears as if it does not have a battery and as such it does notrequire to be recharged and it does not require batteries to bereplaced. Thus, an operative or a supervisor does not need to concernthemselves with charging peripheral devices before their deployment.

When deploying lithium-ion batteries, it is preferable not to connectthem in parallel, therefore embodiments will tend to make a selectionfrom either the first power source 502 or the second power source 1208.

The peripheral device may remain attached and occasionally have a highpower requirement when providing its second functionality. Thus, forexample, the peripheral device may occasionally require a current of,say, five amps from its own internal source 1208. In an embodiment, thislevel of current is too large to be transferred over the wiring andcontacts of the loom. Thus, during these high current requirements,power is taken from the internal battery 1208. When this level of poweris not required, the internal battery 1208 may be trickle-charged fromthe remote battery 502, over the loom wires.

It is recognised that, at high currents, problems occur whentransferring power over long wires with multiple connectors. Each ofthese components has resistance and particular problems occur due to theexistence of contact resistance. The contacts are subject toelectrochemistry and the effects of this become more apparent withincreased currents and the resulting resistance heating. As soon as asmall amount of damage or tarnishing of the connectors has occurred,electrical conduction reduces significantly, with a resulting increasein the local heating due to the increased resistance. Thus, a highlynon-linear effect results, which will tend to cause failure of thesystem.

Thus, in an embodiment, measures are taken to limit the maximum currentthat may pass through the device connectors, in order to enhance theirreliability. Consequently, in an embodiment, any device that requiressignificant current (which may be set at anything higher than, say, afew hundred milliamps) is equipped with its own internal power source(battery or super capacitor) which is then trickle-charged when the highcurrent is not required or when the peripheral device is in a non-activestate.

It is also appreciated that for the deployment to operate correctly, theduration of the high current should be considerably less than that ofthe charging phase. Thus, for example, in the example of a highintensity LED floodlight, of 20 watts or so, it may be configured tooperate for up to one minute in a period of one hour.

A power control circuit 1209 is provided that includes a power selectorswitch and a voltage multiplier. The power selector switch may be aMOSFET switch, controlled by processor 1202. Thus, the selector switchselects power from the remote source 502, via terminal 1204, or from thelocal source 1208.

The processor 1202 monitors available voltages to check whether avoltage at terminal 1204 is present. A capacitor keeps the processor1202 running if the power suddenly disappears.

In an embodiment, a loss of voltage at terminal 1204 will occur if thedetachable device is detached. The loss of this voltage triggers aninterrupt, causing processor 1202 to switch the power source, via device1209, to the internal source 1208. Where appropriate, this operation mayalso switch functionality from the first functional device 1201 to thesecond functional device 1203.

In an embodiment, processor 1202 only changes functionality after ashort time delay, to ensure that an operative's gesture of removal isdeliberate. However, power source switching occurs immediately, toensure that the processor 1202 continues to operate; the supplycapacitor will only provide power for a fraction of a second.

In an embodiment, it is possible for the peripheral device todistinguish between a removal event and a power-down event. In thisembodiment, the control unit 106 sends a power down command to alldevices, prior to removing power from the loom. Thus, if a devicedetects a power loss (without receiving a power down command) theperipheral device will automatically select power from the second source1208 and possibly select its second functionality.

A voltage multiplier, in the power control circuit 1209, facilitatestrickle charging. The voltage appearing at the first terminal 1204 mayvary from 3.3 volts to 4.2 volts, depending upon the state of charge ofthe control unit battery 502; or any other battery device that iscurrently supplying power, such as device 517.

In order to charge internal battery 1208, a higher voltage is required.This higher voltage is generated using a boost circuit, as is known inthe art, in which an inductor is switched at a frequency of severalhundred kilohertz and the resulting fly-back is trapped by a diode and acapacitor. The output voltage is regulated by modifying the switchingwaveform pulse width ratio, thereby ensuring that the second powersource 1208 safely receives charge when required and is available tosafely supply power when demanded. Thus, when the peripheral device isconnected to the loom, the voltage multiplier generates a suitableoutput voltage, that is applied by a battery charging circuit configuredto charge internal cell 1208.

In an embodiment, as previously stated, it is possible to“trickle-charge” the local battery 1208. However, in an alternativeembodiment, cell 1208 is charged at a higher rate than what wouldnormally be considered a “trickle” and may draw up to a hundredmilliamps when under charge. This ensures that the functionalityderiving power from the local battery 1208 can be made available againin a reasonably short period of time. Thereafter, the cell's chargecould be maintained by a trickle charging process, but this only occursintermittently when the cell's monitored voltage falls below apredetermined threshold.

FIG. 13

A protocol diagram is illustrated in FIG. 13, identifying communicationsbetween the control unit 106, the peripheral device 107 and the externaldevice 108. In the diagram of FIG. 13, wireless communications areillustrated by dotted horizontal lines and wired communications, takingplace over loom 501, are indicated by solid lines.

The control unit 106 and the external communication device 108communicate via a Bluetooth low energy (BLE) protocol. Thus, theexternal device 108 may convey data to the control unit 106 indicated at1301 and, similarly, data may be supplied from the control unit 106 tothe external communication device 108, as indicated at 1302.

Prior to deployment in the field, the control unit 106 is bonded withthe external communication device 108 in a conventional one time BLEbonding process.

After the control unit 106 has been bonded with a particular externalcommunication device 108, it will remain bonded; remaining bonded evenafter power has been removed from all devices within the system. Whenpower is restored, a wireless device (such as peripheral device 107) maybe attached to the loom, using connector 1102 as previously described.Communication over the loom may then take place using the serial dataline 506 and the serial clock line 507, possibly in accordance withSMBus protocols.

Connection of peripheral device 107 is indicated at 1303. Uponconnection, the control unit 106 determines whether or not peripheraldevice 107 is a wireless device. If the peripheral device 107 isidentified as a wireless device, control unit 106 will initiateprocedures to enhance communication bandwidth with the externalcommunication device 108.

If a newly attached peripheral device (other than device 107) is not awireless device, communication between this peripheral device and theexternal communication device 108 is established by a combination ofdata transmission over the wiring loom and wireless BLE communicationbetween the control unit 106 and the external communication device 108.Logically, the external communication device 108 then identifies all ofthe connected peripheral devices as being connected and as having datacommunication capability. However, some of this communication will beperformed directly over a high bandwidth wireless link, when the optionis supported by the peripheral device concerned.

Communication between the control unit 106 and the externalcommunication device 108, as indicated at 1301 and 1302, allowsoperational parameters within the system to be controlled in response tomanual interaction with a graphical user interface, presented by theexternal communication device 108; possibly implemented as a fullyfunctional smart cellular mobile telephone.

Upon connection 1303 of the peripheral device, a wired datacommunication is made from the peripheral device 107 to the control unit106, as indicated at 1304. This communication is acknowledged by thecontrol unit 106, as indicated at 1305 and thereafter, the peripheraldevice 107 may supply operational data to the control unit 106, asindicated at 1306.

The method illustrated in FIG. 13 provides a personal area network forelectronic devices operating within an environment established by awearable item. A first wireless data connection is established betweenthe control unit 106 and the external data communication device 108. Inthe embodiment, this is a Bluetooth low energy connection and thecontrol unit 106 is bonded with the external communication device 108,in accordance with established Bluetooth protocols.

Peripheral device 107 is attached to the wearable item, the wearableitem having electrical connections that create a first wired datacommunication with the control unit.

First configuration data are exchanged between the peripheral device 107and the external communication device 108, via the first wireless dataconnection, the control unit and the first wired data connection. Thisallows a second wireless connection to be made directly between thefirst peripheral device 107 and the external communication device 108,following the exchange of this configuration data.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13, the control unit 106wirelessly (over the first wireless BLE connection) informs the externalcommunication device 108 to the effect that a new peripheral device hasbeen connected, as indicated at 1307.

As indicated in FIG. 13 at 1308, configuration data is supplied from theexternal communication device 108 to the control unit 106, over the BLEconnection. This exchange of configuration data may include anidentification of a wireless network password for the externalcommunication device, representing details of how the externalcommunication device 108 communicates through a high bandwidth secondwireless communication channel; possibly operating in accordance withestablished Wi-Fi protocols.

The configuration data from the external communication device 108 isreceived by the control unit 106 and, in an embodiment, thisconfiguration data is buffered by the control unit 106. As indicated at1309, the configuration data is then relayed from the control unit 106to the peripheral device 107. Thus, having received this configurationdata, it is now possible for peripheral device 107 to establish a directwireless connection, in accordance with a Wi-Fi protocols, to theexternal communication device 108. Thereafter, it is possible for theperipheral device 107 to transmit operational data directly to theexternal communication device 108.

As illustrated in FIG. 13, the peripheral device 107, having establisheda Wi-Fi connection, issues a request to transmit operational data, asindicated at 1310. In response to receiving this request, the externaldevice 108 issues an acknowledgement, as indicated at 1311. Thereafter,the peripheral device 107 is in a position to transmit relatively highvolumes of operational data, as indicated at 1312, 1313 and 1314. Thisoperational data may be of a type non-exclusively selected from the datatypes identified in FIG. 5, including; audio data; video data; gasconstituent data; radiation data; biometric data and biomedical data.

Thus, having bonded in this way, any wireless peripheral device that isattached to the wiring loom can be paired and bonded automatically tothe external communication device 108. This provides a significantadvantage, in that individual devices do not need to be equipped withNFC or any other extra circuitry to facilitate a bonding process. Thus,without additional complications, or requiring manual intervention froman operative, high bandwidth plug-and-play functionality is achieved.

FIG. 14

Operatives are shown working in hazardous conditions in FIG. 14. Thefirst peripheral device 107 has been attached to jacket 105 and isoperational. It is providing its first functionality and is receivingpower from the internally secured control unit 106. Peripheral device107 is capable of high bandwidth data transmission to an externalcommunication device. It is also capable of being removed from thejacket, to provide a second functionality; again, data is streamed to anexternal communication device, as shown in FIG. 15.

A second peripheral device 1401 has been attached to jacket 105; thejacket having at least a second set of electrical connections. In thisway, a second wired data connection is made to the control unit 106. Inthis example, it is assumed that peripheral device 1401 provides adifferent type of first functionality and second functionality. Whileproviding its first functionality, it only generates a modest degree ofoperational data. Consequently, this second operational data istransmitted from the second peripheral device to the externalcommunication device via the second wired data connection, being relayedby the control unit and then passed on via the first wireless dataconnection.

To achieve this form of communication, second configuration data isexchanged between the control unit and the second peripheral device uponattachment of the second peripheral device to the second set ofelectrical connections. When exchanging data, the second peripheraldevice may also receive appropriate configuration data for communicatingdirectly with the external communication device. However, communicationof this type is only required when the second peripheral device providessecond functionality, upon being detached from the jacket 105.

The item of clothing 105 includes a first power source 502 and, byattaching a peripheral device to a connector, power is supplied to theperipheral device. Both peripheral device 107 and peripheral device 1401include a second local power source. Thus, each peripheral device isconfigured to selectively use power from the remote power source,supplied over the loom, or from a local power source (a second powersource).

Peripheral device 107 uses power from the first power source whenattached to the item of clothing and the peripheral device 107 then usespower from the second power source when detached from the item ofclothing. Switching device 1209 switches the power sources upondetection of the device being detached. Upon detachment, peripheraldevice 107 changes functionality, from a first functionality to a secondfunctionality. For the purposes of this example, it is assumed thatperipheral device 107 is a camera device. Still images are captured aspart of the first functionality, powered by the first power source 502.Upon detachment, video data is generated under a second functionalityand video data is streamed to the remote communication device. Theperipheral device 107 is therefore powered from its local (second) powersource 1208.

In an alternative embodiment, a first functionality produces image datain response to receiving light within the human-visible spectrum.However, when removed and providing second functionality, the image datamay be derived from light outside of said visible spectrum. For example,image data may be produced in response to receiving infra-red radiation,such that the data effectively represents a thermal image. In hazardousenvironments, devices of this type can be useful for detecting leaks forexample.

For the purposes of this example, it is assumed that the secondperipheral device 1401 is an illumination device. It may operate at afirst power level, during which power is received from the remote(first) battery. In addition, device 1401 may operate at a second powerlevel, higher than said first power level, by receiving power from alocal (second) battery. Peripheral device 1401 may remain attached tothe item of clothing when operating at this second power level. A thirdmode exists during which device 1401 is not operating and during thisperiod, the second power source (the local power source) may receivecharge from the first (remote) power source.

FIG. 15

Peripheral device 107 is shown providing a second functionality, whendetached from jacket 105, in FIG. 15. Peripheral device 107 providesthis second functionality while receiving power from its own local powersource 1208. A direct wireless data communication channel has beenestablished between peripheral device 107 and an external communicationdevice 108. In this example, the peripheral device, when detached,generates video data that is streamed to the external communicationdevice 108. Thus, this video data may be viewed by the operative, viewedby another operative or relayed to a remote location.

FIG. 16

Operations performed by a peripheral device when deployed areillustrated in FIG. 16.

At step 1601, the device is activated, which may include the activationof a locally positioned switch for example. At step 1602 a question isasked as to whether the device is attached to a jacket and if answeredin the affirmative, the device will attempt to receive power from theloom at step 1603.

At step 1604, a question is asked as to whether the device is active, inthat a request for data has been made, possibly via the control unit 106in response to a command from the external communication device 108. Ifthis question is answered in the negative, the peripheral devicecontinues to wait for an activate command and continues to recharge itsinternal power source from the remote supply.

Upon receiving a command to become active, the question asked at step1604 will be answered in the affirmative, resulting in the peripheraldevice providing its first functionality at step 1606. While providingthis first functionality (the generation of image data or the generationof illumination for example) power demand is modest and power continuesto be received from remote cell 502 via the loom 501. If data is beinggenerated, this may be supplied directly to the external communicationdevice or it may be relayed to the external communication device via thecontrol unit.

Upon detachment of the peripheral device 107, an interrupt signal issent to internal processor 1202, effectively resulting in the questionasked at step 1602 being answered in the negative. Consequently, at step1607 the second functionality is supplied and, where appropriate, newoutput data is generated at step 1608.

In response to providing a second functionality, the peripheral device107 receives power from its own internal power source 1208. Furthermore,upon the generation of output data, this data is conveyed to theexternal communication device 108 via a direct Wi-Fi wirelessconnection.

It can therefore be seen that an embodiment provides an environment inwhich a wired data connection may be made between the peripheral device107 and the control unit 106. A first wireless connection is establishedbetween the control unit and an external communication device 108.Configuration data is relayed between the external communication deviceand the peripheral device, via the first wireless connection, thecontrol unit and the wired data connection. This enables a secondwireless connection to be made directly between the externalcommunication device and the peripheral device.

When the peripheral device is attached to an item of clothing, itreceives power from the power supply contained within the control unitto provide a first functionality. First operational output data isgenerated, which is conveyed over the wired connection to the controlunit. However, upon detachment of the peripheral device from the item ofclothing, the peripheral device detects that a detachment has been made.It then receives power from the second local power source to provide asecond functionality, which supplies new operational data to theexternal communication device directly over the second wirelessconnection.

1. An apparatus for enhancing portable functionality, comprising an itemof clothing and a peripheral device attachable to said item of clothing,wherein said item of clothing comprises: electrical conductors connectedto a peripheral device connector; and said peripheral device comprises:a clothing connector configured to connect to said peripheral deviceconnector, so as to electrically connect to said electrical conductors;wherein: said peripheral device is configured to provide a firstfunctionality when attached to said item of clothing; and saidperipheral device is configured to provide a second functionality whendetached from said item of clothing.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein said peripheral device is configured to communicate wirelesslywith an external device.
 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein saidperipheral device connector on the item of clothing and the clothingconnector on the peripheral device include a physical data connectionfor providing data communication between said item of clothing and saidperipheral device.
 4. The apparatus of claim 3: wherein said item ofclothing includes a control unit; further comprising a datacommunication cable connecting said control unit to said peripheralconnector; and wherein said control unit is configured to relayconfiguration data between said peripheral device and an externalcommunication device, to configure said external communication device tocommunicate wirelessly with said peripheral device.
 5. The apparatusclaim 1, wherein said peripheral device is configured to activate saidsecond functionality upon detecting detachment from said item ofclothing.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: said peripheral deviceis a light emitting apparatus; said light emitting apparatus provides afirst functionality of generating a warning light at a first intensity;and said light emitting apparatus provides a second functionality ofgenerating an illuminating light at a second intensity, wherein saidsecond intensity is higher than said first intensity.
 7. The apparatusof claim 6, wherein: said light emitting apparatus includes a pluralityof light emitting devices; a first set of said light emitting devicesare activated to provide said first intensity; and a second set of saidlight emitting devices are activated to provide said second intensity.8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said second set of light emittingdevices includes lenses that collectively provide a focussed beam ofsaid second intensity.
 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: saidperipheral device is an image capturing device; said image capturingdevice provides a first functionality of generating still image data;and said image capturing device provides a second functionality ofgenerating video data.
 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: saidperipheral device is a detector for producing output data in response todetecting the presence of a substance or a type of substance; saiddetector provides a first functionality of detecting the substance at afirst level of sensitivity; and said detector provides a secondfunctionality of detecting the substance at a second level ofsensitivity.
 11. An apparatus comprising an item of clothing and aperipheral device, wherein: said item of clothing includes a first powersource and is configured to supply power to said peripheral device; saidperipheral device includes a second power source; and said peripheraldevice is configured to selectively use power from power sourcescomprising said first power source and said second power source.
 12. Theapparatus of claim 11, wherein: said peripheral device uses power fromsaid first power source when attached to said item of clothing; and saidperipheral device uses power from said second source when detached fromsaid item of clothing.
 13. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprisinga switching device for switching to said second power source upondetection of the removal of said first power source.
 14. The apparatusof claim 13, wherein functionality of said peripheral device changesafter a detection of a removal of said peripheral device from said itemof clothing.
 15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein: said peripheraldevice uses power from said first power source when operating at a firstpower level; said peripheral device uses power from said second powersource when operating at a second power level; and said second powerlevel is higher than said first power level.
 16. The apparatus of claim15, wherein said peripheral device remains attached to the item ofclothing when operated at said second power level.
 17. A method ofproviding electrical power for operating a peripheral device, comprisingthe steps of: attaching said peripheral device to an item of clothing,wherein said item of clothing includes a first power source; operatingsaid peripheral device while attached to said item of clothing; andselectively providing power from power sources that comprise said firstpower source and a second power source included with said peripheraldevice.
 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising the steps of:providing power from a control unit to the peripheral device, viaconductors constrained within the item of clothing; wherein saidconductors are connected to the control unit; and wherein said controlunit includes said first power source.
 19. The method of claim 18,wherein: a wired data connection is provided between the peripheraldevice and said control unit; a first wireless connection is establishedbetween said control unit and an external communications device; furthercomprising the step of relaying configuration data between said externalcommunication device and said peripheral device via said first wirelessconnection, said control unit and said wired data connection; and asecond wireless connection is provided directly between said externalcommunication device and the peripheral device.
 20. The method of claim19, wherein: when said peripheral device is attached to an item ofclothing, said peripheral device is arranged to: receive power from saidfirst power source; provide a first functionality; and output firstoperational data to said wired data connection, and whereafter, upondetachment of said peripheral device from said item of clothing, saidperipheral device is configured to: detect said detachment; receivepower from said second power source; provide a second functionality; andoutput second operational data to said external communication device viasaid second wireless connection.